Native to the Mediterranean, fig trees grow very well in South Carolina, and with their large leaves, they lend a tropical look to any home landscape. They grow to about 15 feet tall and can be used as a garden focal point or to screen a wall.
The biggest concern when growing figs is their moderate cold tolerance. They may be killed to the ground during severe winters, but will typically regrow from the roots. To minimize cold stress, plant fig trees on a protected site, such as on the south side of a building or in a courtyard.
Figs have more forgiving soil requirements than blueberries, but they are susceptible to soil-borne root knot nematodes. These pests are prevalent in sandy soils, so if you suspect your preferred planting site may be infested, consult your nearest Extension Office about conducting a nematode test. If a test reveals the presence of nematodes, you will need to select another planting site as there are no approved methods for treating nematode-infested soils in a home landscape.
Figs require very little maintenance. A healthy, vigorous tree needs no fertilizer, but a tree that is growing slowly will benefit from a half-pound of 10-10-10 fertilizer applied evenly around the plant just before new growth begins in the spring. Pruning, mostly for shape and size management, should be performed in late winter.
Established fig trees are fairly drought tolerant, but home gardeners should be prepared to water if a dry spell occurs during fruit development.
There are dozens of varieties from which to choose, but Celeste and Brown Turkey have a long track record of success. Both have fine eating qualities and good cold tolerance, making them ideal for any region of South Carolina.
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